The reason why low-temperature resistant lubricating silicone oil can continuously perform its lubrication function in extremely low temperature environments lies in the synergy of its unique molecular structure and physical properties. 
From the perspective of the molecular structure, this type of silicone oil has a main chain composed of silicon-oxygen bonds, with methyl, ethyl and other alkyl groups connected as side chains. The bond energy of the silicon-oxygen bonds is high and the molecular chain is flexible, which makes it less prone to rigid contraction at low temperatures, avoiding the loss of fluidity caused by the freezing of the molecular chain in ordinary lubricants. At the same time, the alkyl groups in the side chains can be adjusted by changing the carbon chain length to optimize the low-temperature performance. For example, methyl phenyl silicone oil can further lower the freezing point by introducing phenyl groups, enabling it to remain in a liquid state below -50℃. 
In terms of physical properties, low-temperature resistant silicone oil has an extremely low pour point and excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics. Its pour point is usually lower than -60℃, much lower than that of conventional lubricants, ensuring that it does not solidify and form lumps at low temperatures. In addition, its viscosity changes little with temperature, and the viscosity increases slowly at low temperatures, which can form a sufficient thickness of the oil film to cover the friction surface while not increasing the operating resistance of the equipment due to excessive viscosity. 
In practical applications, this silicone oil can also form a stable adsorption film on metal surfaces, relying on the strong adhesion between molecules to resist impact loads under low-temperature conditions, effectively reducing friction and wear. Whether it is the mechanical components of polar scientific research equipment or the precision instruments in low-temperature laboratories, low-temperature resistant lubricating silicone oil can provide reliable lubrication protection in harsh low-temperature environments through its dual advantages of structure and performance.